Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 17 julho 2024
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/23/18/7143/F4.large.jpg)
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) is an important regulator of energy homeostasis, and evidence suggests that MC4-R-expressing neurons are downstream targets of leptin action. MC4-Rs are broadly expressed in the CNS, and the distribution of MC4-R mRNA has been analyzed most extensively in the rat. However, relatively little is known concerning chemical profiles of MC4-R-expressing neurons. The extent to which central melanocortins act presynaptically or postsynaptically on MC4-Rs is also unknown. To address these issues, we have generated a transgenic mouse line expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the MC4-R promoter, using a modified bacterial artificial chromosome. We have confirmed that the CNS distribution of GFP-producing cells is identical to that of MC4-R mRNA in wild-type mice and that nearly all GFP-producing cells coexpress MC4-R mRNA. For example, cells coexpressing GFP and MC4-R mRNA were distributed in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). MC4-R promotor-driven GFP expression was found in PVH cells producing thyrotropin-releasing hormone and in cholinergic DMV cells. Finally, we have observed that a synthetic MC3/4-R agonist, MT-II, depolarizes some GFP-expressing cells, suggesting that MC4-Rs function postsynaptically in some instances and may function presynaptically in others. These studies extend our knowledge of the distribution and function of the MC4-R. The transgenic mouse line should be useful for future studies on the role of melanocortin signaling in regulating feeding behavior and autonomic homeostasis.
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/77974da5-61b1-4ef0-a0ac-552f6a7352c5/mfig001.jpg)
Journal of Comparative Neurology Systems Neuroscience Journal
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2095254621000211-ga1.jpg)
Peripheral actions and direct central–local communications of
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/feb02f24-9b7e-407b-9ab8-4a76ba256a70/mfig004.jpg)
Journal of Comparative Neurology Systems Neuroscience Journal
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0031938423000331-gr1.jpg)
Collateralizing ventral subiculum melanocortin 4 receptor circuits
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/28/21/5433/F9.large.jpg)
Agouti-Related Peptide and MC3/4 Receptor Agonists Both Inhibit
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/23/18/7143/F7.large.jpg)
Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0021925820318044-gr6.jpg)
The stimulatory G protein Gsα is required in melanocortin 4
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1550413114004513-gr4.jpg)
The Melanocortin-4 Receptor Is Expressed in Enteroendocrine L
![Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the Control of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Promoter](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/2618a673-0897-41c6-ab8a-6303d0225d45/mfig006.jpg)
Journal of Comparative Neurology Systems Neuroscience Journal
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